Some problems and Countermeasures of the hottest d

Some problems and Countermeasures of disposable fast food tableware

the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in China. Catering problems and the safety and environmental protection of various disposable tableware used in catering have also attracted extensive attention from government departments, catering industry and disposable tableware manufacturers. I have studied all kinds of disposable meals for nearly 20 years as people's economy is tense, such as aerospace, national defense, kerosene chemical industry, transportation and so on. I have published more than 100 papers in newspapers and magazines, and have a more comprehensive understanding of relevant national policies, standards, product production and use. The following is an introduction to the relevant situation, and put forward some countermeasures and suggestions according to the actual situation of the industry, For the reference of relevant departments

first, disposable tableware is basically the price of two products

China began to use disposable foamed plastic tableware on the railway in 1986. As the white pollution along the railway has attracted the attention of the National People's Congress, the railway has banned the use of disposable foamed plastic tableware since 1995 and changed to degradable tableware based on pulp. Since 2001, the Chinese government has completely banned the use of disposable foamed plastic tableware and replaced it with degradable disposable tableware, and required the implementation of the national standard gb18006 General technical conditions for disposable degradable tableware. According to the requirements of this standard, disposable degradable tableware mainly includes five categories, including paperboard coating, plant straw, pulp molding, edible powder molding and non foaming light/biodegradable plastics

at present, about 12billion fast-food boxes are consumed in China every year, of which 60% are environmental friendly lunch boxes and 40% are foamed plastic lunch boxes. In 60% of the environmental protection lunch boxes, more than half can not fully meet the safety, health and environmental protection requirements, and only about 2billion environmental protection lunch boxes really meet the requirements. In addition, there are more than 8 billion disposable water cups, more than 6 billion disposable pallets, more than 5 billion disposable bowls, and about 35 billion disposable chopsticks in China. At present, there are no statistical data on knives, forks, spoons, etc. (see Table 1 for relevant information of disposable lunch boxes). Table 1 production of disposable fast food boxes in China in 2004 Use and other basic information types project paperboard coating type pulp molding type plant fiber type starch molding type non foaming plastic type expanded polystyrene type consumption 50million, 400million, 5million, 4million, 6.5 billion, 5 billion production capacity 200million, 4.5 billion, 300million, 100million, 8billion, 13billion production plants (factories) the total consumption in China is about 12billion. At present, the production and use of various disposable fast food tableware in Beijing: daily consumption is more than 2 million, Among them, foamed plastic lunch boxes account for 20%, about 400000; 30% of them meet the requirements of sanitation and environmental protection, about 600000 of them; Poor quality lunch boxes with quality problems, especially hygiene problems, account for 50%, about 1million. The annual consumption of disposable fast food boxes in Beijing is about 700million

II. Main problems of disposable tableware and suggestions for solutions

1. Policy issues

the warming of the international market. Policies for disposable tableware are not completely consistent across the country. For example, order No. 25 issued by the Beijing Municipal People's Government in March 1999 stipulates that the sale and use of plastic bags and disposable plastic tableware are restricted, requiring the strengthening of recycling, only in railway stations, long-distance bus stations, airports The capital civilized scenic spots (spots) and hotels and restaurants are prohibited from selling and using disposable foamed plastic tableware, and the maximum penalty is 5000 yuan. The No. 84 order of the people's Government of Shanghai, issued in June 2000, puts forward the principle of "source control, recycling, gradual prohibition and encouraging substitution" for the management of disposable plastic lunch boxes. Beijing once had a strong impact at home and abroad by recycling more than 60% of foamed tableware to effectively solve pollution (but Beijing had to stop recycling at the end of 2002 because the former State Economic and Trade Commission required a comprehensive ban on foamed plastic tableware in 2001), while Shanghai is still recycling foamed plastic tableware. In Shanghai, as long as the recycling fee is paid as required, foamed tableware can still be produced, which to some extent conflicts with the national policy of comprehensively banning foamed tableware. It is chaotic whether the pollution control of foamed tableware should be based on the documents of relevant ministries and commissions or local policies

so far, it can be said that most foaming tableware manufacturers have not really stopped production, especially in Guangdong, more than 80% of them openly produce, sell and use foaming plastic tableware. In other regions, some enterprises are playing cat and mouse secretly, and some enterprises that have stopped production restart their equipment while shouting grievances, so as to reduce the losses of enterprises. The image and authority of national government departments have been seriously affected

2. Law enforcement issues

although the national documents banning foamed tableware have been issued many times, each time the documents did not clarify the main unit of law enforcement, the basis of law enforcement and the intensity of punishment, so there was a relatively chaotic situation in dealing with foamed tableware. In addition, although the former State Economic and Trade Commission issued many documents, it itself did not have the authority to enforce the law, and the industrial and commercial departments, technical supervision departments and environmental protection departments with the function of enforcing the law did not intervene from the beginning in the process of banning foaming tableware, that is to say, they did not fully understand the order No. 6 of the former State Economic and Trade Commission, so they often engaged in sports warfare in law enforcement, and could not form a mechanism of continuous combat and unity combat. At present, the former State Economic and Trade Commission has been revoked. It is understood that the original documents are still valid, but due to personnel changes, it is more difficult to implement some of the original documents

at present, in order to jointly crack down on fake and inferior environmental protection tableware, the environmental protection tableware enterprises in Beijing jointly established the "Beijing environmental protection tableware enterprise joint organization" in 2003, and jointly worked with the Administration for Industry and commerce, the Bureau of technical supervision and the media to crack down on counterfeiting, jointly maintaining the healthy development of the industry, and achieved remarkable results

3. Standard question

what is used after foaming tableware is disabled? This problem has not been well solved, because there are two sets of environmental friendly tableware standards are inconsistent. One is the "general technical conditions for disposable degradable tableware gb18006" issued by the State Administration of quality and technical supervision on November 19, 1999, and the other is the "technical requirements for certification of environmental labeling products - disposable tableware" (HBC) issued by the State Environmental Protection Administration on June 4, 2001. These two standards are somewhat different in terms of product types and indicators. The former is mainly for degradable tableware, while the latter is mainly for non foaming Non degradable but easy to recycle tableware, such as polypropylene, is not explained, while the latter makes it clear that this kind of product can be used (because it is used all over the world). As long as the recovery rate reaches 75%, it can obtain the environmental certification mark. Due to the different requirements of the standards, it has caused some confusion to the testing departments, production and research units, operators and users, and also brought great difficulties to the law enforcement departments. Judging from the current actual product situation, the original standard can no longer fully adapt to the actual situation of the current product, and it must be comprehensively revised as soon as possible. In addition, for non foaming and non degradable plastic products such as polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS) tableware, the Ministry of health formulated gb9688-88 hygienic standard for polypropylene molded products for food packaging in 1988. At present, the national testing institutions test PP tableware according to this standard, but in fact, China has no standards for tableware made of PP and PS materials, because of this standard defect, Therefore, various inferior and even toxic tableware produced in the name of polypropylene are widely used in the market

4. Product quality and market problems

the plasticity of plastic metals is also called plasticity, which is the total amount of plastic deformation it can bear before fracture. The main materials of disposable tableware in foreign developed countries are cardboard and plastic, and the treatment of after-use tableware is mainly recycling. At present, the types of disposable tableware products in China are relatively complex. For example, some fake environment-friendly tableware have no manufacturer logo on the products and packaging boxes at all, "touch it soft, tear it gently, it will break, it will be pungent and eye choking at the smell, and it will change and leak in case of heat". There are also some striking words such as "environmental protection lunch box", "degradable tableware", "urban environmental protection" and even "Green Olympics" on the lunch box or packing box, but the products are not at all